{"id":22288,"date":"2025-02-26T16:06:04","date_gmt":"2025-02-26T13:06:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/?page_id=22288"},"modified":"2025-02-26T16:06:07","modified_gmt":"2025-02-26T13:06:07","slug":"cumledeki-yerine-gore-kelimeler","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/arapca-dilbilgisi\/cumledeki-yerine-gore-kelimeler\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00fcmledeki Yerine G\u00f6re Kelimeler"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C\u00fcmledeki Yerine G\u00f6re Kelimeler: (\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639 – \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0628 – \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0631 – \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0645)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Arap\u00e7a’da kelimeler c\u00fcmledeki konumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 irab (\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628) durumlar\u0131na girerler. Son harflerinin harekeleri veya (illet harfi ise) harfin kendisi de\u011fi\u015fir. Bir kelimenin c\u00fcmlede hangi g\u00f6revde oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in onun ref’ (\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639), nasb (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0628), cer (\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0631) veya cezm (\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0645)<\/strong> halinde olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1\ufe0f\u20e3 Ref\u2019 (\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639) \u2013 \u00d6tre Hareketiyle Gelen Kelimeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udccc Merf\u00fb\u2019 kelimeler, genellikle \u00f6tre (\u0636\u0645\u0629) veya onun yerine ge\u00e7en bir i\u015faretle gelir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udd39 Merf\u00fb\u2019 olan unsurlar:<\/strong>
\u2714 M\u00fcbteda (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0623)<\/strong> \u2192 \u0130sim c\u00fcmlesinin \u00f6znesi
\u2714 Haber (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631)<\/strong> \u2192 \u0130sim c\u00fcmlesinin y\u00fcklemi
\u2714 F\u00e2il (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644)<\/strong> \u2192 Fiil c\u00fcmlesinde i\u015fi yapan \u00f6\u011fe
\u2714 Naib\u00fc’l-F\u00e2il (\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644)<\/strong> \u2192 Edilgen (me\u00e7hul) c\u00fcmlede \u00f6zne yerine ge\u00e7en \u00f6\u011fe
\u2714 K\u00e2ne ve benzeri fiillerin haberi (\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627)<\/strong>
\u2714 \u0130nne ve benzeri edatlar\u0131n ismi (\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud83d\udccc \u00d6rnekler:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f<\/strong> \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064c. (Talebe \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f<\/em> (M\u00fcbteda \u2013 Merv\u00fb\u2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0630\u0647\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064f<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0650. (\u00d6\u011fretmen s\u0131n\u0131fa gitti.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064f<\/em> (F\u00e2il \u2013 Merv\u00fb\u2019)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064f\u0651<\/strong> \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627. (Hava g\u00fczel idi.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064f\u0651<\/em> (K\u00e2ne\u2019nin ismi \u2013 Merv\u00fb\u2019)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u270d \u0130rab \u0130\u015fareti:<\/strong>
    \ud83d\udd39 Tekil isimler i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u0629 (\u00f6tre<\/strong>)
    \ud83d\udd39 \u0130kili isimler i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u0623\u0644\u0641 (elif<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0650
    \ud83d\udd39 Cemi M\u00fczekker Salim i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0648 (vav<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n\n\n\n

    2\ufe0f\u20e3 Nasb (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0628) \u2013 \u00dcst\u00fcn Hareketiyle Gelen Kelimeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \ud83d\udccc Mans\u00fbb kelimeler, \u00fcst\u00fcn (\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629) veya onun yerine ge\u00e7en bir i\u015faretle gelir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \ud83d\udd39 Mans\u00fbb olan unsurlar:<\/strong>
    \u2714 Fiil c\u00fcmlesinde mef’\u00fbl (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647)<\/strong> \u2192 Nesne
    \u2714 Hal (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644)<\/strong> \u2192 Fiili yapan\u0131n durumunu belirten kelime
    \u2714 \u0130stisna edilen kelime (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0649)<\/strong> \u2192 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627 edat\u0131yla yap\u0131lan istisnalar
    \u2714 Mef\u2019\u00fbl\u00fcn Mutlak (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642)<\/strong> \u2192 Fiili peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan masdarlar
    \u2714 \u0130nne ve benzeri edatlar\u0131n ismi (\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627)<\/strong>
    \u2714 K\u00e2ne ve benzeri fiillerin haberi (\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \ud83d\udccc \u00d6rnekler:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629. (\u00d6\u011frenciyi okulda g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e<\/em> (Mef\u2019\u00fbl \u2013 Mans\u00fbb)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u0625\u0646\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631\u064e<\/strong> \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064c. (\u015e\u00fcphesiz sab\u0131r g\u00fczeldir.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631\u064e<\/em> (\u0130nne\u2019nin ismi \u2013 Mans\u00fbb)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u0643\u062a\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064e<\/strong> \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u064d. (Adam dersi h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde yazd\u0131.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064e<\/em> (Mef\u2019\u00fbl \u2013 Mans\u00fbb), \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u064d<\/em> (Hal)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      \u270d \u0130rab \u0130\u015fareti:<\/strong>
      \ud83d\udd39 Tekil isimler i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629 (\u00fcst\u00fcn<\/strong>)
      \ud83d\udd39 \u0130kili isimler i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u064a\u0627\u0621 (ye<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0650
      \ud83d\udd39 Cemi M\u00fczekker Salim i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u064a\u0627\u0621 (ye<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n\n\n\n

      3\ufe0f\u20e3 Cer (\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0631) \u2013 Esre Hareketiyle Gelen Kelimeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \ud83d\udccc Mecr\u00fbr kelimeler, esre (\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629) veya onun yerine ge\u00e7en bir i\u015faretle gelir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \ud83d\udd39 Mecr\u00fbr olan unsurlar:<\/strong>
      \u2714 Harf-i cer ile gelen isimler (\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631)<\/strong>
      \u2714 Mudaaf\u2019un ileyh (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647)<\/strong> \u2192 \u0130sim tamlamalar\u0131nda tamlanan
      \u2714 Yemin edatlar\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan isimler (\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0621)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \ud83d\udccc \u00d6rnekler:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a\u064f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u0650<\/strong>. (Okula gittim.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u0650<\/em> (Harf-i cerden dolay\u0131 mecr\u00fbr)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629. (\u00d6\u011frencinin kitab\u0131 masan\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0650<\/em> (Mudaaf\u2019un ileyh \u2013 Mecr\u00fbr)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u270d \u0130rab \u0130\u015fareti:<\/strong>
        \ud83d\udd39 Tekil isimler i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629 (esre<\/strong>)
        \ud83d\udd39 \u0130kili isimler i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u064a\u0627\u0621 (ye<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0650
        \ud83d\udd39 Cemi M\u00fczekker Salim i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u064a\u0627\u0621 (ye<\/strong>) \u2192 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n\n\n\n

        4\ufe0f\u20e3 Cezm (\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0645) \u2013 Sakin veya Cezm \u0130\u015faretiyle Gelen Kelimeler<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        \ud83d\udccc Mecz\u00fbm kelimeler, cezm (\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646) veya harf d\u00fc\u015fmesi ile gelir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \ud83d\udd39 Mecz\u00fbm olan unsurlar:<\/strong>
        \u2714 Cezm edatlar\u0131ndan sonra gelen fiiller (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0645)<\/strong> \u2192 \u0644\u0645, \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629, \u0644\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0627, \u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631
        \u2714 \u015eart c\u00fcmlesindeki fiiller (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \ud83d\udccc \u00d6rnekler:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628\u0652<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u0650. (Okula gitmedi.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628\u0652<\/em> (Cezm i\u015fareti: S\u00fck\u00fbn)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0652 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629\u064d!<\/strong> (H\u0131zl\u0131 yazma!<\/strong>) \u2192 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0652<\/em> (Cezm i\u015fareti: S\u00fck\u00fbn)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • \u0625\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0652 \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d\u0652.<\/strong> (\u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsan ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olursun.<\/strong>) \u2192 \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0652<\/em> ve \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d\u0652<\/em> (\u015eart fiili ve cevab\u0131 \u2013 Cezm)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          \u270d \u0130rab \u0130\u015fareti:<\/strong>
          \ud83d\udd39 Tekil fiiller i\u00e7in:<\/strong> \u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646 (**cezm i\u015fareti olarak sakin harf\/s\u00fck\u00fbn)
          \ud83d\udd39 Sonu illet harfiyle biten fiillerde:<\/strong> Harf d\u00fc\u015fmesi \u2192 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u2192 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u064e
          \ud83d\udd39 Cemi M\u00fczekker fiillerde:<\/strong> \u0646\u0648\u0646 harfinin d\u00fc\u015fmesi \u2192 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064e \u2192 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0627<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n\n\n\n

          5\ufe0f\u20e3 \u00d6zet<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          Durum<\/strong><\/th>\u0130rab \u0130smi<\/strong><\/th>\u0130\u015faret<\/strong><\/th>\u00d6rnek Kelime<\/strong><\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
          \u00d6zne, fail, m\u00fcbteda, haber, k\u00e2ne’nin ismi, naib-\u00fcl fail<\/strong><\/td>Ref\u2019 (\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639)<\/strong><\/td>\u00d6tre (\u0636\u0645\u0629)<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064f, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064e<\/td><\/tr>
          Nesne, hal, inne’nin ismi, k\u00e2ne’nin haberi<\/strong><\/td>Nasb (\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0628)<\/strong><\/td>\u00dcst\u00fcn (\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0629)<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064e, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064e<\/td><\/tr>
          Harf-i cer veya izafetle gelen isimler<\/strong><\/td>Cer (\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0631)<\/strong><\/td>Esre (\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0629)<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u0650, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0650<\/td><\/tr>
          Olumsuz veya \u015fart edatlar\u0131yla gelen fiiller<\/strong><\/td>Cezm (\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0645)<\/strong><\/td>Cezm (\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646 veya harf d\u00fc\u015fmesi)<\/td>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628\u0652, \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u064e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          Bu konuda daha fazla al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ister misiniz? \ud83d\ude0a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          C\u00fcmledeki Yerine G\u00f6re Kelimeler: (\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639 – \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0628 – \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0631 – \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0648\u0645) Arap\u00e7a’da kelimeler c\u00fcmledeki konumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 irab (\u0625\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628) durumlar\u0131na girerler. Son harflerinin harekeleri veya (illet harfi ise) harfin kendisi de\u011fi\u015fir. Bir kelimenin c\u00fcmlede hangi g\u00f6revde oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in onun … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":17091,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-22288","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22288"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22289,"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22288\/revisions\/22289"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arapca.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}